Verbs · Vocabulary v4

Relations

A Relation is a directed verb linking two concepts: the way one thing captures, contains, approves or transforms another. Relations give the vocabulary its grammar.

103Terms

Catalogue

Relation groups with specialised sub-relations

35 relation groups + 68 specialised sub-relations.

Relation group

ACTS_AS

An actor assumes a role.

1 sub-relationbimei:relation/acts-as

Sub-relationacts_as_role Actor → Role Actor assumes a role.

Relation group

ADVISES

An actor or role gives a non-binding recommendation, leaving the decision with the advised.

0 sub-relationsActor | Role → Actor | RoleAction verbs: advisebimei:relation/advises

Sub-relationNone-This relation group currently has no specialised sub-relations.

Relation group

AUTHORISES

An authority or role grants permission (to act, to release, or by delegation).

3 sub-relationsAction verbs: grantbimei:relation/authorises

Sub-relationauthorises_activity Authority | Role → Activity Grants permission to execute an activity. Sub-relationauthorises_release Authority | Role → Deliverable | Content Grants permission to publish or release. Sub-relationdelegates_to Authority | Actor → Actor | Role Delegates authority to another actor or role.

Relation group

CLASSIFIES

A category from a classification is assigned.

1 sub-relationAction verbs: classify, rank, identifybimei:relation/classifies

Sub-relationclassifies_as Content | Construct → Construct Assigns a category from a classification.

Relation group

CONSTRAINS

A condition limits or scopes a process, activity, or deliverable.

2 sub-relationsbimei:relation/constrains

Sub-relationbounded_by_context Process | Activity → Context Scoped or limited by a context. Sub-relationconstrained_by Process | Activity | Deliverable → Constraint Limited by a risk, limitation, or dependency.

Relation group

CONSUMES

An activity or process consumes prior content or deliverables as input.

2 sub-relationsAction verbs: retrieve, extractbimei:relation/consumes

Sub-relationconsumes_content Activity | Process → Content Uses content as an input. Sub-relationconsumes_deliverable Activity | Process → Deliverable Consumes a prior deliverable.

Relation group

DEFINES

A construct or content defines a term or specifies a requirement.

2 sub-relationsAction verbs: define, clarify, specifybimei:relation/defines

Sub-relationdefines_term Construct | Content → Construct Defines a term or concept. Sub-relationspecifies_requirement Content | Rule → Content | Deliverable | Process Specifies a requirement.

Relation group

DELIVERS

An actor, organisation, or authority publishes, submits, or issues content or deliverables.

3 sub-relationsbimei:relation/delivers

Sub-relationissues Authority | Organisation → Rule | Content Issues a rule, mandate, or formal notice. Sub-relationpublishes Actor | Organisation → Content Publishes content to an audience. Sub-relationsubmits Actor → Deliverable Submits a deliverable for approval or use.

Relation group

DEPENDS_ON

A dependency exists between two objects (including ordering prerequisites).

1 sub-relationAny → Anybimei:relation/depends-on

Sub-relationprerequisite_of Activity → Activity One activity must precede another.

Relation group

DEPLOYS

An activity brings a system or tool into operational service.

0 sub-relationsActivity → System | ToolAction verbs: deploybimei:relation/deploys

Sub-relationNone-This relation group currently has no specialised sub-relations.

Relation group

DERIVES

Provenance lineage — output information is derived from source information; the graph analogue of PROV-O wasDerivedFrom.

1 sub-relationAction verbs: derivebimei:relation/derives

Sub-relationderives_from Content → Content Output information is derived from source information (provenance); the edge points from the derived output to its source.

Relation group

DOCUMENTS

Evidence is recorded, or a subject is reported on.

2 sub-relationsAction verbs: document, record, capture, preparebimei:relation/documents

Sub-relationrecords Actor | Process | Activity → Content Records evidence, logs, or documentation. Sub-relationreports_on Content → Process | Activity | Metric | Deliverable Reports on a subject.

Relation group

ENABLES

An event, actor, or condition makes execution possible (trigger / facilitate / precondition).

3 sub-relationsAction verbs: assist, supportbimei:relation/enables

Sub-relationfacilitates Actor | Role | System → Activity | Process Provides support that makes execution possible. Sub-relationprovides_precondition_for Constraint | Context → Process | Activity A condition enables a step to occur. Sub-relationtriggers Event → Activity | Process An event triggers execution.

Relation group

EVALUATES

An actor, process, or activity produces an evaluation judgement (assess/audit).

3 sub-relationsAction verbs: assess, review, audit, inspect, monitor, troubleshootbimei:relation/evaluates

Sub-relationassesses Actor | Process | Activity → Content | Deliverable | Ability Produces an evaluation judgement. Sub-relationaudits Actor | Process | Activity → Process | System Performs an audit evaluation. Sub-relationdiagnoses Activity → System | Content Investigates an already-manifested fault to locate its root cause.

Relation group

EXCHANGES

Information is sent, received, or synchronised across a boundary.

3 sub-relationsAction verbs: exchange, transmit, connectbimei:relation/exchanges

Sub-relationreceives_from Actor | System → Actor | System Receives information across a boundary. Sub-relationsends_to Actor | System → Actor | System Sends information across a boundary. Sub-relationsynchronises_with System → System Two systems synchronise information.

Relation group

FORMS

An activity brings a new team, grouping, or structural construct into being.

0 sub-relationsActivity → Construct | ActorAction verbs: formbimei:relation/forms

Sub-relationNone-This relation group currently has no specialised sub-relations.

Relation group

GOVERNS

A rule or authority governs how a process or system operates.

2 sub-relationsAction verbs: regulate, enforcebimei:relation/governs

Sub-relationgoverns_process Rule | Authority → Process Governs how the process operates. Sub-relationgoverns_system Rule | Authority → System Governs system operation.

Relation group

HAS_PART

Composition — a whole contains a part or sub-artefact.

3 sub-relationsbimei:relation/has-part

Sub-relationhas_chapter Content → Content A content artefact contains a chapter/sub-artefact. Sub-relationhas_section Content → Content A content artefact contains a section/sub-artefact. Sub-relationhas_step Process → Activity A process decomposes into activities/steps.

Relation group

HAS_RESOURCE

An activity requires a resource (an input artefact, a tool, or a dataset).

3 sub-relationsbimei:relation/has-resource

Sub-relationhas_dataset Activity → Content An activity requires a dataset/source content. Sub-relationhas_input Activity → Content | Deliverable An activity requires an input artefact. Sub-relationhas_tool Activity → Tool An activity requires a tool/app.

Relation group

IS_PART_OF

Membership — a part belongs to a larger whole.

1 sub-relationbimei:relation/is-part-of

Sub-relationpart_of_publication Content → Content A content artefact belongs to a larger artefact.

Relation group

LEADS

An actor or role leads a process or project.

2 sub-relationsAction verbs: leadbimei:relation/leads

Sub-relationleads_process Actor | Role → Process Actor or Role leads a process or initiative. Sub-relationleads_project Actor | Role → Context Actor or Role leads within a project context.

Relation group

MAINTAINS

An actor or role keeps a system functioning or content current through ongoing upkeep.

0 sub-relationsActor | Role → System | ContentAction verbs: maintainbimei:relation/maintains

Sub-relationNone-This relation group currently has no specialised sub-relations.

Relation group

MANAGES

An actor or role manages a process or system.

2 sub-relationsAction verbs: manage, supervisebimei:relation/manages

Sub-relationmanages_process Actor | Role → Process Actor or Role manages process execution. Sub-relationmanages_system Actor | Role → System Actor or Role manages system operation.

Relation group

MEASURES

A metric measures an ability, process, or activity.

2 sub-relationsbimei:relation/measures

Sub-relationmeasures_ability Metric → Ability A metric measures an ability. Sub-relationmeasures_process Metric → Process | Activity A metric measures process or activity performance.

Relation group

PARTICIPATES_IN

An actor takes part in a process, or collaborates with peers.

2 sub-relationsAction verbs: participate, negotiatebimei:relation/participates-in

Sub-relationcollaborates_with Actor → Actor Actors collaborate in a peer relationship. Sub-relationparticipates_in_process Actor → Process Actor takes part in a process without full ownership.

Relation group

PERFORMS

An actor executes an activity or process.

2 sub-relationsAction verbs: implement, executebimei:relation/performs

Sub-relationperforms_activity Actor → Activity Actor executes an activity. Sub-relationperforms_process Actor → Process Actor executes a process run or process responsibility.

Relation group

PROCURES

An actor or organisation acquires or sources an asset, tool, or content.

0 sub-relationsActor | Organisation → Asset | Tool | ContentAction verbs: procurebimei:relation/procures

Sub-relationNone-This relation group currently has no specialised sub-relations.

Relation group

PRODUCES

An activity or process creates an accountable output (a deliverable, content, or metric).

5 sub-relationsAction verbs: generate, create, produce, print, aggregatebimei:relation/produces

Sub-relationauthored_by Content → Actor A content artefact is authored by an actor. Sub-relationcontributed_by Content → Actor A content artefact has a contribution from an actor. Sub-relationgenerates_metric_result Activity | Process → Metric Produces a measured result. Sub-relationproduces_content Activity | Process → Content Creates knowledge content. Sub-relationproduces_deliverable Activity | Process → Deliverable Creates an accountable output.

Relation group

PROVIDES

An actor or system provides a repeatable service or grants access.

2 sub-relationsAction verbs: providebimei:relation/provides

Sub-relationprovides_access_to Actor | System → Content | System Grants access to content or systems. Sub-relationprovides_service Actor | Organisation | System → Actor | Stakeholder Provides a repeatable service.

Relation group

REFERENCES

Content cites, references a standard, links to, or mentions another artefact.

4 sub-relationsbimei:relation/references

Sub-relationcites Content → Content Formally cites another content artefact. Sub-relationlinks_to Content → Content | Resource Links to a related artefact or external resource. Sub-relationmentions Content → Construct Mentions a concept or term. Sub-relationreferences_standard Content | Rule → Rule | Content References a standard, mandate, or normative source.

Relation group

REPRESENTS

Content or a deliverable represents an asset or system (e.g. a model).

2 sub-relationsbimei:relation/represents

Sub-relationmodels Deliverable → Asset | System A model deliverable represents an asset or system. Sub-relationrepresents_asset Content | Deliverable → Asset | System Represents an asset or system.

Relation group

TRANSFORMS

An activity reshapes information (reduce, augment, associate, normalise) to fit a purpose, without producing a new deliverable or consuming the source.

2 sub-relationsAction verbs: harmonise, normalise, align, organise, integratebimei:relation/transforms

Sub-relationharmonises Activity → Content Inspects, reduces, augments, and associates information to match Intended Use, Defined Purpose, and applicable standards. Sub-relationnormalises Activity → Content Conforms information to a target structure or schema.

Relation group

USES

Applies a tool, information use, or method to execute work.

3 sub-relationsAction verbs: use, apply, adoptbimei:relation/uses

Sub-relationuses_information Activity | Process → Information Use Applies an Information Use. Sub-relationuses_method Activity | Process → Construct Applies a method/model as guidance. Sub-relationuses_tool Activity | Process → Tool Uses a tool to execute work.

Relation group

VALIDATES

Validation against a standard or specification, including approval.

2 sub-relationsAction verbs: validate, confirm, assure, approvebimei:relation/validates

Sub-relationapproves Authority | Role → Deliverable | Content Approves as accepted or fit for purpose. Sub-relationvalidates_against Activity | Process → Rule | Construct Validates against a standard or specification.

Relation group

VERIFIES

Correctness or integrity is verified (including testing).

2 sub-relationsAction verbs: verify, check, testbimei:relation/verifies

Sub-relationtests Activity | Process → System | Tool Tests a system or Tool. Sub-relationverifies_integrity Activity | Process → Content | Deliverable Verifies correctness or integrity.